Products

This is used to show & design how an external keyboard can be interfaced to the PIC controller, While designing dedicated keypads. The keyboard has 16 keys placed in 4x4 array. This trainer provides a means to understand what is keyboard scanning, and how to achieve this. The user has to write the operating program to show how a calculator or a dedicated keyboard is accessed, and programmed to perform, various input output

operations or, arithmetic functions like addition, subtraction, multiplication, spanision programs can be executed. This interface also is used to design any dedicated system keypad. For example, keyboard for microwave oven.

Specifications:

• 16 robust keys are used.
  
• Keys are arranged in 4 X 4 matrix
  
• Status of keys are logged on an 8 BIT port.
  
• An external power supply 5V DC @250mA is required Model SP5 is recommended.

This is an 8 bit, 3 wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) digital potentiometer experimental module. This module has two DPs integrated in the same module. This is made of semiconductor device instead of a conventional wiper mechanism. The principle of a potentiometer however remains the same. The resistance of this pot is 1K?. The resistance between the wiper and either endpoint of the fixed resistor varies linearly with respect to the digital code transferred into the VR latch. Resistor terminals A, B, W has no limitations on polarity with respect to each other. Each variable resistor offers a completely programmable value of resistance, between the A-terminal and the wiper or the B terminal and the wiper. In short this is a programmable variable resistor. You must use this potentiometer as a control signal generator only. This should not be used in power systems.

An external power supply 5V DC @250mA is required or +5V DC power supply Model SP5 is recommended.

This finds extensive applications in the field of
a. Power supply output voltage adjustment
b. Automatic gain control
c. Volume control and panning
d. Programmable filters, delays etc.

Relay works under the principle of Electro-magnetic induction. An electric current passing through a coil wound on soft iron core. The iron core is magnetized as long as the current flows through the coil. As a result of this, a spring activated metallic contactor, is attracted towards this iron core, causing a mechanical movement. This principle is used to our advantage. There are two important principles demonstrated in this device, namely CAUSE & EFFECT. A relay connects

two devices working in different electrical conditions. I.e. mechanically connected and electrically isolated. For example: A digital system works at 5V DC and a fan works with 230V AC. Because the current flowing through a coil from a digital system, operating at 5V DC energizes the iron core; there is an effect of movable arm of the relay shifting its initial position. These switches ON a 230V AC operated bulb. The function of a Relay module is to show how a Microprocessor program can operate the relays and actuate high power devices. Some of the devices that can be actuated are like 230V AC lamps, blowers, contactors, fans, solenoids etc., which require 230 V AC supply for energisation. There are two relays placed on this module, which can be programmed by the Microprocessor either for ON or OFF condition. Each relay is housed in a transparent enclosure, to enable a student to see the movement of movable arm of the relay, while it gets actuated. The student is benefited by observing this phenomena.

Specifications:

• Two relays are used.
  
• Each relay operates @ 230V AC @ 0.5A.
  
• Two AC sockets are provided that for connecting two numbers of 230V AC actuated devices.
  
• Inputs are TTL compatible.
  
• Spark quenching electronics incorporated.
  
• An external power supply 5V DC @250mA is required or +5V DC power supply Model SP512 is recommended.

The infrared transmitter is intended to convert the modulated light into digital signals. Using this technique, it is possible to transmit and receive the data. The firmware within the controller can then be programmed to accomplish a defined task. The most common task that is frequently used is, in remote control hand held device in our TV receiver. However this concept can be utilized to operate several appliances and devices. The necessary software for any specific device must be written by you and embed in the controller, before it becomes operational.

This interface module comes in two parts, a Transmitter hardware and a receiver hardware. This transmitter sends a series of pulses in a coded fashion and is received at the receiver. The data is sent in the form of a packet of 12 bit data along with button code. The data to be transmitted is first modulated with precise time slots at the transmitter, and then demodulated at the receiver. The experimental module is intended to understand how these are taking place, and study rudiments of these techniques. In order to make the experiment more flexible, it is better to use the 4 X 4 matrix push button interface also as part of this interface. An external power supply 5V DC @250mA is required or +5V DC power supply Model SP5 is recommended.

This is a fixed +5V DC power supply capable of supplying 1A at rated voltage. This is short-circuit protected. This operates on mains 230 V AC.

Specifications:

• Input : 230V AC
• Output : +5 V Fixed @ 1A at rated voltage.
• Ripple: Less than 1mV at full load current.

This is a fixed power supply with +5V DC @ 1A and ?12 V DC @ 500mA at it?s output terminals. This operates on mains 230 V AC.

Specifications:

• Input : 230 V AC,
• Output: Fixed +5 v DC @ 1A at rated voltage.
• Fixed ?12 V DC @ 500mA at rated voltage.
• Ripple : Less than 1 mV at full load.

Most of the real world applications require analog signals as inputs. The analog inputs can be from temperature, pressure, flow, level, sound, displacement etc from respective transducers after proper signal conditioning. The signals so conditioned need to be connected to a controller for data logging. In order to perform this task, varieties of analog to digital converters are available. The PIC controllers need specialized converters in terms of hardware. These are classified as 3,4 or 5-wire ADC data transmission interfaces.

The serial interface module offered is an 8 channel,12 bit ADC module. The maximum input for this is +4.8V DC only. This works on the principle of successive approximation. The conversion rate is approximately 6-10 uSec. This module has an additional precision reference level hardware to select quantization that is needed for precision logging. An external power supply 5V DC @250mA is required or +5V DC power supply Model SP5 is recommended.

Most of the real world applications require analog signals as inputs. The analog inputs can be from temperature, pressure, flow, level, sound, displacement etc from respective transducers after proper signal conditioning. The signals so conditioned need to be connected to a controller for data logging. In order to perform this task, varieties of analog to digital converters are available. The PIC controllers need specialized converters in terms of hardware. These are classified as 3,4 or 5-wire ADC data transmission interfaces.

The serial interface module offered is an 8 channel,12 bit ADC module. The maximum input for this is +4.8V DC only. This works on the principle of successive approximation. The conversion rate is approximately 6-10 uSec. This module has an additional precision reference level hardware to select quantization that is needed for precision logging. An external power supply 5V DC @250mA is required or +5V DC power supply Model SP5 is recommended.

This is a single wire temperature interface module. This is a specialized temperature sensor, in the sense, this sensor has built in ROM, a unique serial number signature, scratch pad RAM. Power for reading, writing, and performing temperature conversions can be derived from the data line itself with no need for an external power source. The transmission of data to and from the sensor follows strict communication protocols. The communication with the controllers is on a single wire. The controller which is in communication with the sensor reads the current data from the scratch pad non volatile memory and saves in the controller?s memory. The process of reading the sensor must be accomplished at regular intervals to detect the current temperature. It can measure temperatures in the range of 0 to 1000C in increments of 0.50.

Each temperature sensor contains a unique silicon serial number, multiple temperature sensors can exist on the same 1?Wire bus. This allows for placing temperature sensors in many different places. Applications where this feature is useful include HVAC environmental controls, sensing temperatures inside buildings, equipment or machinery, and in process monitoring and control.

The solid state relay module is similar to relay module. In this module a solid state device is used to turn ON/OFF the external 230V AC lamp, or a motor. There are two solid state relays placed on this module. The control signal required to open or close the gate of the device is to be provided by the external digital system. A Microprocessor trainer can be used for control.

Specifications:

• Two solid state relays are used.
  
• Each relay operates @ 230V AC @ 0.2A.
  
• Inputs are TTL compatible.
  
• Two 230V AC sockets, provided for connecting devices.
  
• Spark quenching electronics incorporated.
  
• An external power supply 5V DC @250mA is required or +5V DC power supply Model SP512 is recommended.

This module is intended to conduct input / output interface experiments. It has 8 SPDT switches connected as input and 8 LEDs as output port. The student learns how to input 8-bit data from an external hardware, and display the same on external 4 -bit LED port. Each BIT of input or output is identified as an independent port. At the time of project design or prototype development, this can be used as a development module, whenever I/O operation is to be performed. It helps in validating the designed program. An external power supply 5V DC @250mA is required or +5V DC power supply Model SP5 is recommended.

Specifications:

• 8 numbers of SPDT switches.
  
• 4 numbers of LED indicators.

Specifications:

The Experimental breadboards can be used with FPGA / CPLD like XC 2S50 with 50,000 gates, XC 95108, XC 9572, and devices in different packages. These target boards contain LEDs, scanned momentary switches, binary state switches, displays, memory interfaces, ADC, DAC, RS232C communication ports, PS2 port, JTAG programming, and necessary power supplies. Necessary software tools. The system is supplied with XC2S50 device only.

The following is a partial list of experiments that can be conducted

• 8-bit Serial Multiplier
• 4-bit Parallel Full Adder
• 4x4 Parallel Multiplier
• Incrementer/ Decrementer
• 8-bit Carry Skip Adder
• 8-bit Carry-Select Adder
• CRC-cyclic redundancy checker
• Fast 32-bit Parallel Comparator
• 16-bit Serial-Parallel multiplier
• Serial-to-Parallel or Parallel-to-Serial Converter
• BCD-to-Binary or Binary-to-BCD Converter
• 8-bit Shifter
• Pseudo-Random Sequence Generator: for built-it selftest
• Binary Counter
• 8-Bit Parity Generator/Checker
• 4-bit Universal Shift Register
• Binary-to-Gray code Converter
• BCD-to-4bit Gray code Converter