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THIS APPARATUS CONSISTS OF A SOLENOID ( FOR PROMPT RELEASE OF THE SPHERE ON BEING DISCONNECTED ) AND GATE SWITCH UNIT MOUNTED ON A BASE WHICH IS CLAMPED ON A 12 MM DIAMETER RETORT STAND ROD.CONNECTIONS ARE MADE THROUGH 4 MM SOCKETS ,THE GATE SWITCH UNIT CONSISTS OF A HINGED METAL PLATE HELD AGAINST AN ADJUSTABLE CONTACT BY MEANS OF SMALL PERMANENT MAGNET SO THAT BY PROPER ADJUSTMENT THE PLATE FALLS PROMPTLY AT THE IMPACT OF THE FALLING SPHERE.CENTI SECOND TIMER CAN BE USED WITH THIS APPARATUS.

SUITABLE FOR USE WITH LINEAR AIR TRACK ,WITH A FLEXIBLE HOSE TERMINATING IN A TAPERED ADAPTOR.
POWER SUPPLY 230 V, AC 50HZ.

MAINS OPERATED ELECTRONIC TIMER READS 0 TO 99.99 SECONDS.THE DISPLAY COMPRISES OF FOUR 7 SEGMENT DIGITS TO READ SECONDS AND CENTI SECONDS.TWO PAIRS OF 4 MM SOCKETS COLOUR YELLOW (START ) BLACK (STOP ) WITH TWO PUSH BUTTON SWITCHES ARE CONTROLLED WITH A MODE SWITCH WHICH ENABLE EITHER MAKE OR BREAK PULSES TO BE USED TO OPERATE THE TIMER.
POWER SUPPLY : 2V / 0.5 A WITH RESET .

MAINS OPERATED ELECTRONIC TIMER READS 0 TO 99.99 SECONDS. THE DISPLAY COMPRISES OF FOUR 7 SEGMENT DIGITS TO READ SECONDS AND CENTISECONDS. TWO PAIRS OF COLOUR CODED 4 MM SOCKETS WITH PUSH BUTTONS ARE CONTROLLD WITH A MODE SWITCH WHICH ENABLES EITHER MAKE OR BREAK PULSE TO BE USED TO OPERATE THE TIMER. WITH RE-SET ACTION.

TO DEMONSTRATE THE PRINCIPLE OF CONVERSION OF MOMENTUM AND SHOW THAT MOMENTUM HAS DIRECTION AS WELL AS MAGNITUDE. CONSISTS OF A CURVED WOODEN RUNWAY 280 X 76 MM LENGTH X HEIGHT WITH AN 8 MM GROOVE,AN INDEX MARK NEAR TOP AND A SLOTTED METAL PLATE AT BOTTOM. A DEVICE CAN BE ATTACHED TO THE PLATE TO PROVIDE SUPPORT TO THE OBJECT SPHERE EITHER EXACTLY OPPOSITE THE RUNWAY OR AT SIGHTLY OBLIQUE POSITION. A PLUMB BOB AND 2 STEEL BALLS ARE PROVIDED. THE APPARATUS CAN BE FIXED TO THE TABLE WITH A G- CLAMP ( WHICH IS NOT PROVIDED )

COMPRISES OF A STEEL BAR , 1 METER LONG DRILLED AT 50 MM INTERVALS , REMOVABLE KNIFE EDGES AND A SUPPORT BRACKET FOR MOUNTING ON WALLS.

WITH ALUMINIUM ALLOY BLOCK COMPRISING WHEEL ,100 MM DIAMETER AND AXLES 50 MM AND 25 MM DIAMETER,MOUNTED ON ADJUSTABLE STEEL CONES IN STEEL FRAME,MOUNTED ON WOODEN BOARD WITH FOUR HOLES FOR WALL MOUNTING,COMPLETE WITH 5 METERS NYLON CORD AND STEEL HOOK .

A PAIR OF IDENTICAL WOODEN TROLLEYS ( 300 MM LONG ) MOUNTED ON THREE WHEELS. A SPRING LOADED ROD IS FITTED TO GIVE IMPULSE WHEN RELEASED. IT HAS A PROVISION FOR STACKING THE TROLLEYS ON TOP OF EACH OTHER WITH REMOVABLE PINS.COMPLETE WITH 3 ELASTIC CORDS , 3 SPRINGS , 8 PINS ( FOR STACKING ), 2 RUBBER CORKS , 2 NEEDLES & 1 RELEASING PIN.A WOODEN TRACK 2 METER LONG COLLAPSABLE .THE TRACK PROVIDES AN EASILY INCLINABLE SMOOTH SURFACE .

TO DEMONSTRATE THAT A BODY IMPELLED HORIZONTALLY WILL HAVE VERTICAL ACCELERATION SAME AS THAT OF A BODY FALLING FREELY. TWO 19MM DIA STEEL BALLS ARE LAUNCHED BY RELEASING A PUSH BUTTON .THIS PROJECTS ONE BALL FORWARD AND THE OTHER FALLS FREELY.THIS MECHANISM IS MOUNTED ON A WOODEN BLOCK ( 180 X 60 X 30 MM ).

A VERY CONVIENT AIR PUMP USED IN LABORATORY FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS.

USED WHEREVER MOTION SEQUENCES HAVE TO BE ANALYSED OR ROTATION SPEEDS HAVE TO BE MEASURED .SEPARATE CONTROL UNIT AND HAND HELD LAMP.SUITABLE FOR CONTINIOUS OPERATION.BRIGHT LIGHT INTENSITY MAKES MEASURING POSSIBLE ALSO BY DAY LIGHT,VOLTAGE & FREQUENCY OUT PUT, EXTERNAL TIGGERING VIA PHOTO EMITTER INDUCTIVE SENSOR OR EXTERNAL TIGGERING SIGNAL FOR OBSERVATION OF IRREGULAR MOTION SEQUENCES , MEASURING OF ROTATION SPEED , FREQUENCY AND PERIOD LENGTH DIRECT READING IN THE REQUIRED UNIT,NO CONVERSATION NECESSARY.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS :

OPERATING VOLTAGE	:	220C AC ,50HZ
RANGE	:	20000 RPM
FLASHING FREQUENCY	:	330 HZ
PERIOD	:	3-300 MS
TYPE OF TUBE	:	XENON TUBE
LIGHT INTENSITY	:	2400 LUX
ACCURACY	:	+/- 1 DIGIT
INDICATION AND MEASURING RANGES	:	RPM - 200-20000 HZ - 3-33-HZ MS - 3-300 MS
INTERNAL TRIGGERING	:	RANGE 1 - 200 - 4000 RPM RANGE 2 - 1000 - 20000
EXTERNAL TRIGGERING	:	SYNCHRONOUS WITH MAINS OPTICAL EMITTER WITH SWITCH -OVER TO BRIGHT OR DARK MARKINGS, INDUCTIVE EMITTER WITH SWITCHOVER TO GEAR WHEEL OR APERTURE DISK. LOGICAL SIGNAL , ALTERNATING CURRENT
OUT PUTS-FREQUENCY	:	LOGIC SIGNAL 15 v / 40 MA
VOLTAGE	:	30MV / HZ , LINEARITY 5%
INPUTS	:	GATE TO EXTERNAL TRIGGERING OF THE HANDLAMP ( ON / OFF OR SINGLE FLASH TRIGGERING ).

HARD GLASS TUBE 610 X 48 MM ,WITH TWO RUBER BUNGS ,ONE CARRING BRASS TUBE AND 380 MM RUBBER TUBING FOR EVACUATION BY A VACUUM PUMP .

ONE METER LONG RULE ,ONE SIDE DIVIDED IN CENTIMETERS AND MILLIMETERS AND OTHER SIDE IN INCHES AND TENTHS . DRILLED EVERY 100 MM WITH S-HOOKS.

FOR DETERMINING SPECIFIC GRAVITY BY ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE. WITH ONE PAIR OF LONG FRAMES AND ONE SHORT FRAME WITH A HOOK INDERNEATH FOR SPECIFIC GRAVITY EXPERIMENTS. WITH THREE PANS ,ADJUSTABLESTAND AND SCALE. MOUNTED ON A WOODEN BASE.

FOR INVESTIGATING THE NATURE OF MASS AND THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN MASS AND WEIGHT. TWO METAL
TRAYS 130 X 55 X 23 MM ARE JOINED TOGETHER WITH TWO SPRING STEEL STRIPS OF 10 MM WIDTH , THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE TRAYS BEING 215 MM . ONE TRAY IS DRILLED TO ACCEPT 3 EQUAL CYLINDRICAL MASSES. THE OTHER TRAY CAN BE CLAMPED TO A BENCH HORIZONTALLY OR VERTICALLY. COMPLETE WITH 3 MASSES AND A G-CLAMP.

TO PROVIDE A SIMPLE 'SEE-SAW' FOR EXPERIMENTS ON BALANCING MASSES ,LEADING TO THE PRINCIPLE OF THE LEVER. COMPRISES FIVE WOOD BEAMS APPROXIMATELY 610 X 44 MM GRADUATED AT 38 MM INTERVALS, FOUR
U-SHAPED SUPPORTS , GROOVED TO LOCATE FULCRUM PINS , 40 BRASS PENNY-WEIGHTS 25 X 25 X 2 MM AND 20 FULCRUM PINS.

TRIANGULAR SECTION ALLOY TRACK,LENGTH 255 CM ,WITH STAGGERED AIR HOLES .SUPPORTED ON TWO LIGHT ALLOY CASTINGS POSITIONED 45 CM FROM EACH END OF THE TRACK.ONE SUPPORT HAS A TWO POINT CONTACT AND OTHER A ONE POINT CONTACT FOR LATERAL AND HORIZONTAL ADJUSTMENTS FOR WHICH A KNURLED SCREW IS PROVIDED .LARGE CATAPULT ARMS WITH SLOTS FOR ELASTIC BANDS ARE FITTED TO EACH END OF THE TRACK.A PULLEY FITTED TO ONE END OF THE TRACK ENABLES EXPERIMENTS INVOLVING ACCELERATION UNDER A CONSTANT FORCE TO BE INVESTIGATED.IDENTICAL END CAPS ENABLE AIR TO BE INTRODUCED FROM EITHER END OF THE TRACK,BUNG BEING SUPPLIED TO CLOSE THE END NOT BEING USED. THE VEHICLES BUFFER ATTACHMENTS AND CLAMPING SCREWS ARE MATT BLACK TO HELP INTERPRETATION OF STROBOSCOPIC PHOTOGRAPHS.

: ACCESSORIES :
CENTI SECONDS TIMER
PHOTOTIMING GATE
XENON STROBOSCOPE
HAND HELD STROBOSCOPE
ACCESSORIES KIT
AIR BLOWER
SMALL VEHICLE
LARGE VEHICLE

SUPPLIED COMPLETE WITH , 2 LARGE VEHICLES
( MASS 400 GM, LENGTH 215 MM )

1 SMALL VEHICLE ( MASS 200 GM , LENGTH 100 MM )
2 MAGNETIC BUFFERS ( 25 MM DIA )
2 PLASTICINE HOLDERS ( 20 MM DIA ) WITH CENTRAL HOLE.
4 CATAPULTS ( 45 MM WIDE ) WITH SLOT FOR ELASTIC BAND.
3 STEEL BUFFERS WITH CENTRAL HOLE.
4 ELASTIC CORDS ( 220 MM LONG ) WITH PLASTIC RINGS.
1 REEL OF NYLON THREAD .
2 WHITE PLASTIC RODS ( 4 MM DIA 150 MM LONG ) FOR STROBOSCOPIC PHOTOGRAPHY
24 NEEDLES FOR USE WITH STEEL BUFFER .
20 WHITE PLAIN CARDS FOR INTERRUPTING LIGHT BEAMS.
1 REEL RUBBER STRAND
1 PACK OF PLASTICINE
20 ELASTIC BANDS

QTY	ITEMS
1	SMALL VEHICLE ( MASS 200 GM , LENGTH 100 MM )
2	MAGNETIC BUFFERS ( 25 MM DIA )
2	PLASTICINE HOLDERS ( 20 MM DIA ) WITH CENTRAL HOLE.
4	CATAPULTS ( 45 MM WIDE ) WITH SLOT FOR ELASTIC BAND.
3	STEEL BUFFERS WITH CENTRAL HOLE.
4	ELASTIC CORDS ( 220 MM LONG ) WITH PLASTIC RINGS.
1	REEL OF NYLON THREAD .
2	WHITE PLASTIC RODS ( 4 MM DIA 150 MM LONG ) FOR STROBOSCOPIC PHOTOGRAPHY
24	NEEDLES FOR USE WITH STEEL BUFFER .
20	WHITE PLAIN CARDS FOR INTERRUPTING LIGHT BEAMS.
1	REEL RUBBER STRAND
1	PACK OF PLASTICINE
20	ELASTIC BANDS
1	INSTRUCTION MANUAL.

THE KIT ENABLES THE AIR TRACK TO BE USED TO ITS FULL POTENTIAL, PROVIDING MOST OF THE NECESSARY EQUIPMENT TO PERFORM THE EXPERIMENTS DETAILED IN THE COMPREHENSIVE INSTRUCTION MANUAL

APPROXIMATELY 200 MM DIA BY 44 MM WIDE WHEEL, MOUNTED ON A BALANCED HORIZONTAL SHAFT IN METAL BRACKET ,WITH FOUR HOLES FOR WALL MOUNTING.

In a Michelson-interferometer a coherent light beam is separated into two rays travelling in different directions by inserting a half-silvered mirror in the path. The separated beams are reflected back along themselves and then recombined. The viewing scree n then exhibits an interference pattern that changes perceptibly when the optical path lengths for each of the split beams are changed by fractions of the wavelength of light. EXPERIMENT PROCE DURE : • Determine the wavelength of a laser. • Determine the refractive index of air as a function of pressure. • Determine the refractive index of glass. • Determine the quality of the surface of a strip of adhesive tape. BASIC PRINCIPLE : The Michelson interferometer was invented by A. A. Michelson originally to demonstrate whether the Earth could be observed to be in motion through an ether in which light was once thought to propagate. His design has nevertheless proved crucial for making interferometric measurements, e.g. of changes in length, thickness of layers or refractive indices. A spanergent light beam is split into two by a half-silvered mirror and the two resulting beams travel along differing paths. They are then reflected back on themselves and recombined so that interference patterns can be viewed on a screen. The resulting pattern is highly sensitive to any differences in the optical paths covered by the split beams. If the refractive index remains constant the degree of change in the geometric paths can be calculated, e.g. changes in size of various materials due to thermal expansion. If by contrast the geometry is maintained, then refractive indices or changes in them due to pressure, temperature or density variations may be determined.

COMPRISING ,SPHERE WITH SMALL HOOK FOR SUSPENSION AVAILABLE IN SIZE : 13 , 19 & 25 MM DIAMETER .

USED AS A LIGHT OPERATED TIMING GATE ,IT CONSISTS OF A PHOTO DETECTOR AND LIGHT SOURCE ( 2.5 V , 0.2 A BULB ) HOUSED IN TWO PLASTIC CASES HELD 40 MM A PART ON A METAL ROD ,4 MM SOCKET ARE PROVIDED FOR CONNECTING IT TO THE ELECTRONIC TIMER.
POWER SUPPLY :- 2 V/ AC.

ALIMINIUM PULLEY 22 MM DIAMETER IN METAL BRACKET WITH MOUNTING PLATE.

ALUMINIUM PULLEY 38 MM DIAMETER , MOUNTED ON LIGHT ALLOY ROD 10 MM DIA , 150 MM LONG .

50 MM DIAMETER ALUMINIUM PULLEY IN METAL FRAME FOR CLAMPING TO BENCHES OR BOARDS UPTO 25 MM THICK

TESTED TO 680 KGS ,FOR SAFE WORKING LOAD OF 225 KG ,TWO FOUR BLOCK LUBRICATION WHEELS ,SAFETY HOOKS AT TOP AND BOTTOM AND AUTOGRIP DEVICE.

TRIPLE PULLEY OF ALUMIMUM CAST IN ONE PIECE WITH DIAMETER 38, 50 & 62 MM IN METAL FRAME AND HOOK.

50 MM DIAMETER PULLEY MOUNTED IN FRAME WITH HOOKS.

TYPE , ALUMINIUM	TYPE , PLASTIC
SINGLE	SINGLE
DOUBLE IN LINE	DOUBLE IN LINE
DOUBLE IN PARALLEL	DOUBLE IN PARALLEL
TRIPLE IN LINE	TRIPLE IN LINE
TRIPLE IN PARALLEL	TRIPLE IN PARALLEL

FOR ATTACHING TO CORDS FOR LIFTING OF VARIOUS ITEMS.

CONSTRUCTED OF STRONGLY STITCHED CANVAS ,UPPER EDGE HAS SHORT LENGTH UNSEWN FOR FILLING TO MAKE SAFE OF 5 , 10 , 20 ,& 30 NEWTON OR GRAMS WITH DRY SAND & EYELET AT TOP

LIGHT ALLOY WITH CORDS AND HOOK.
SCALE DIAMETER : 75 MM WITH CORDS AND HOOKS
........................: 100 MM WITH CHAINS AND RINGS .

COMPRISES TWO GROOVED HARD WOOD WHEELS 150 X 75 MM DIAMETER RESPECTIVELY WITH METAL MOUNTING PIN.

BRASS CONSTRUCTION WITH OR WITHOUT CHROME PLATED.EACH SET CONSISTS OF NINE WEIGHT AND A CARRIER OF SAME WEIGHT UPTO 10 KG.
ALSO AVAILABLE WITH FOUR WEIGHTS AND A CARRIER OF SAME WEIGHT.

SET OF WEIGHTS (EACH WEIGHT )	TOTAL WEIGHT
10 GM	100 GM
20 GM	200 GM
50 GM	500 GM
100 GM	1000 GM

ALSO AVAILABLE IN IRON AND CAN ALSO BE AS PER REQUIREMENT ,SPARE SLOTTED WEIGHTS AND HANGER ARE ALSO AVAILABLE.

MATT BLACK FINISH,250MM DIA,WITH 12 RADIAL SLOTS EXTENDING TO ITS EDGE AND FINGER HOLE . ROTATES ON HANDLE.

A HIGH QUALITY STROBOSCOPE TO COVER THE REQUIREMENTS OF VARIOUS LEVELS OF STUDY , FEATURES HIGH ACCURACY WITH MANUAL AND DIGITAL READOUTS.SPECIALLY DESIGNED , COMPACT & ENCHASED IN PLASTIC CASE.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS :

DESCRIPTION		MODEL. BSM-2000, MANUAL	MODEL. BSD-2001, DIGITAL
VOLTAGE	:	220V,50HZ	220V,50HZ
FLASH TUBE	:	XENON LONG LIFE STECKBAR	XENON LONG LIFE STECKBAR
LIGHT INTENSITY	:	MAX 350 LUX	MAX 350 LUX
FLASH DURATION	:	7 US	7 US
DISPLAY	:	BY TURNING KNOB	LCD DISPLAY
FREQUENCY RANGE	:	2,5?.300HZ=150?..18000 1/MIN
RANGE DIVISION	:	2,5?66,6HZ=150?4000/MIN/61,6?300HZ-3700?18000/MIN

*NOTE : FREQUENCY RANGE & RANGE DIVISION IS SAME IN BOTH THE MODELS

OPERATES ON 12V AC .THE TIMER EMPLOYS ELECTROMAGNET WITH SPRING LOADED ARMATURE WHICH VIBRATES ABOVE A SUPPORT TABLE FOR A CARBON PAPER DISC, PAPER TAPE,DRAWN THROUGH GUIDES ON THE TABLE ,IS STRUCK BY A DOTTING SCREW CARRIED ON THE ARMATURE .THE PEG ON THE SUPPORT TABLE IS MOVABLE TO ALLOW MAXIMUM USE OF CARBON PAPER DISC. SUPPLIED WITH 90 METER ROLL OF TAPE AND CARBON PAPER DISCS. THE TICKER TAPE TIMER PRODUCES DOTS SPACED AT 1/50 OR 1/60 SEC INTERVALS DEPENDING ON MAIN FREQUENCY .ADDITIONAL BONUS WITH EXTRA GUIDES
ACCOMODATES 4.5 MM EXTERNAL DIAMETER RUBBER TUBING FOR THE
' PEARLS IN AIR ' WATER DROP EXPERIMENT.
POWER SUPPLY 12 V/ AC .

WHEN THE GOVERNOR IS ROTATED FASTER AND FASTER , THE BALLS ARE THROWN OUT BY CENTRIFUGAL FORCE IN AN EVER WIDENING CIRCLE.THE JOINTED ARMS ABOVE AND BELOW BEING BROUGHT CLOSER AND CLOSER TOGETHER AS IN WATTS STEAM ENGINE.THIS ILLUSTRATES THE FLATTENING OF PLANETS AT THE EQUATOR OWING TO THEIR ROTATION. WATT GOVERNOR IS ROTATED WITH HELP OF A WHIRLING TABLE.

IT CAN BE USED IN VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL POSITION . IT IS FITTED WITH HAND WHEEL , BELT DRIVEN PULLEY AND ADAPTER FOR MOUNTING NEWTON'S COLOUR DISC , WATT'S GOVERNOR , SAVART'S TOOTHED WHEEL , SEEBECK'S PARATUSES WHICH NEED TO BE ROTATED.